VAT is a tax levied and collected on the value added to any goods each time they change hand
Saturday, 29 March 2014
WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF VAT
1) VAT is a tax levied and collected on the value added to any goods each time they change hand
2)The transaction shall a sale
3)Sale shall be made by a registered dealer
4)VAT shall be payable at every point of sale
5)Input tax credit shall be admissible on the input tax paid in respect of previous purchases
6)Output tax shall be collected on every sale
7)VAT is applicable for intrastate trade
8)VAT ensures with uniform rates and procedures. It ensures transparency and reduction in consumer prices.
2)The transaction shall a sale
3)Sale shall be made by a registered dealer
4)VAT shall be payable at every point of sale
5)Input tax credit shall be admissible on the input tax paid in respect of previous purchases
6)Output tax shall be collected on every sale
7)VAT is applicable for intrastate trade
8)VAT ensures with uniform rates and procedures. It ensures transparency and reduction in consumer prices.
WHAT IS 80C TAX DEDUCTION
General deduction for investment in PPF, PF, LIC,ULIP, Stamp duty on house, Fixed deposits for 5 years, bonds, Contribution to statutory PF or Recognised PF, For LIC policy must be in self or spouse's or any child's name. Premium paid towards LIC policy not exceeding 20% of the total sum assured. Repayment of housing loan principal towards self occupied residential property. Payment of tuition fees towards any two children of the assesses.
WHAT IS TAX DEDUCTION AT SOURCE
TDS means Tax Deduction at Source
In simple terms, TDS is the tax getting deducted from the person receiving the amount (Employee/Deductee) by the person paying such amount (Employer/Deductor)
Empoyee's income Tax is deducted at source means his tax on income is deducted by the employer (who is paying salary), employer pays the same to the income tax department.
In simple terms, TDS is the tax getting deducted from the person receiving the amount (Employee/Deductee) by the person paying such amount (Employer/Deductor)
Empoyee's income Tax is deducted at source means his tax on income is deducted by the employer (who is paying salary), employer pays the same to the income tax department.
WHAT IS CIN
Challan Identificaiton Number, is stamped on the acknowledgement receipt to uniquely identify the tax payment. CIN has to be quoted in the return of income as a proof of payment.
WHAT IS CHALLAN IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
Challan Identificaiton Number, is stamped on the acknowledgement receipt to uniquely identify the tax payment. CIN has to be quoted in the return of income as a proof of payment.
PROCEDURE FOR PAYMENT OF DIRECT TAXES AT BANKS
If you are paying taxes in cash at any designated bank branch or by cheque at the bank branch where you have a bank account, the bank will accept your cash/ cheque and will immediately stamp the counterfoil of the challan with a rubber stamp containing the CIN. If however, you are paying taxes by cheque/draft at a bank branch other than where you have a bank account, the collecting bank branch will accept your cheque/draft and issue you a paper token in acknowledgement. When you present this token after encashment of the cheque, the bank will hand over the acknowledgement counterfoil duly stamped with the CIN.
WHAT IS PAN
PAN means Permanent Account Number, is a ten digit alphanumeric number issued by the income tax department.
WHAT IS TAN
TAN Means Tax Deduction Account Number
TAN is a unique identification number for person deducting the tax. The person who is liable to deduct the tax should obtain a TAN before deducting such Tax.
TAN is a unique identification number for person deducting the tax. The person who is liable to deduct the tax should obtain a TAN before deducting such Tax.
DIFFERENCE BEETWEEN BUSINESS AND PROFESSION
Business, simply means any trade, commerce,manufacturing activity, or any adventure or concern in the nature of trade, commerce and manufacture.
Profession, a job requiring some thought, skill and special knowledge like that of C.A, Lawyer, Engineer, Doctor, Architect etc.,
Profession, a job requiring some thought, skill and special knowledge like that of C.A, Lawyer, Engineer, Doctor, Architect etc.,
WHO IS DEDUCTOR
Deductor is a person/company who is liable to deduct the Tax at source, from the payment being made to the party, Deductor is also termed as Employer.
WHAT IS TDS
TDS means Tax Deduction at Source
In simple terms, TDS is the tax getting deducted from the person receiving the amount (Employee/Deductee) by the person paying such amount (Employer/Deductor)
Empoyee's income Tax is deducted at source means his tax on income is deducted by the employer (who is paying salary), employer pays the same to the income tax department.
In simple terms, TDS is the tax getting deducted from the person receiving the amount (Employee/Deductee) by the person paying such amount (Employer/Deductor)
Empoyee's income Tax is deducted at source means his tax on income is deducted by the employer (who is paying salary), employer pays the same to the income tax department.
WHAT ARE LOCAL TAXES
TAXES LEVIED BY MUNICIPAL/ LOCAL TAXES
Property/Building tax levied by local bodies.
Agriculture income tax levied by State governments on income from plantations.
Property/Building tax levied by local bodies.
Agriculture income tax levied by State governments on income from plantations.
ON WHICH ITEMS OR MATERIAL STATE GOVERNMENT COLLECT TAX
State Government levies taxes on Value Added Tax (VAT), stamp duty, State Excise, land revenue and tax on professions
ON WHICH ITEMS OR MATERIAL CENTRAL GOVERNMENT COLLECT TAX
Central Government levies taxes on income ( except income on agricultural income, which state government can levy), custom duties, central excise and service tax.
Friday, 28 March 2014
WHAT IS CATHODE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE
CATHODE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE:
Cathode ray Oscilloscope is an electronic device which is capable of giving a visual indication of a signal wave form. It is widely used for troubleshooting radio and television receivers.
Cathode ray Oscilloscope is an electronic device which is capable of giving a visual indication of a signal wave form. It is widely used for troubleshooting radio and television receivers.
WHAT IS CATHODE RAY TUBE
CATHODE RAY TUBE:
Cathode Ray Tube is the heart of the oscilloscope. It is a vacuum tube of special geometrical shape and converts an electrical signal into visual one. A cathode ray tube makes available plenty of electrons. These electrons are accelerated to high velocity and are brought to focus on a fluorescent screen. The electron beam produces a spot of light wherever it strikes.
Cathode Ray Tube is the heart of the oscilloscope. It is a vacuum tube of special geometrical shape and converts an electrical signal into visual one. A cathode ray tube makes available plenty of electrons. These electrons are accelerated to high velocity and are brought to focus on a fluorescent screen. The electron beam produces a spot of light wherever it strikes.
WHAT IS MICRO ELECTRONICS
MICRO ELECTRIONICS:
Micro Electronics is the branch of electronics engineering which deals with micro circuits. A micro circuit is simply a miniature assembly of electronic components. e.g Integrated circuit.
Micro Electronics is the branch of electronics engineering which deals with micro circuits. A micro circuit is simply a miniature assembly of electronic components. e.g Integrated circuit.
WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT:
An Integrated Circuit is one in which circuit components such as transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors etc. are automatically part of a small semiconductor chip.
An integrated circuit consists of a number of circuit components ( e.g transistors, diodes, resistors etc) and their inter connections in a single small package to perform a complete electronic function.
An Integrated Circuit is one in which circuit components such as transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors etc. are automatically part of a small semiconductor chip.
An integrated circuit consists of a number of circuit components ( e.g transistors, diodes, resistors etc) and their inter connections in a single small package to perform a complete electronic function.
WHAT IS MONOLITHIC IC
MONOLITHIC IC:
Monilithic IC is one in which all components and their inter connections are formed on a single thin wafer called substrate.
Monilithic IC is one in which all components and their inter connections are formed on a single thin wafer called substrate.
WHAT ARE HYBRID PARAMETERS
HYBRID PARAMETERS:
Every Linear Circuit having input and output terminals can be analysed by four parameters (one measured in ohm, one in mho and two dimensionless) called hybrid parameters
Hybrid means "mixed". Since these parameters have mixed dimensions, they are called hybrid parameters.
Every Linear Circuit having input and output terminals can be analysed by four parameters (one measured in ohm, one in mho and two dimensionless) called hybrid parameters
Hybrid means "mixed". Since these parameters have mixed dimensions, they are called hybrid parameters.
Tuesday, 25 March 2014
WHAT IS DIGITAL SIGNAL
Digital Signal:
A Signal (Voltage or Current) that can have only two discrete values is called a digital signal. A square wave is a digital signal because this signal has only two values. +5V and OV and no other value.
A Signal (Voltage or Current) that can have only two discrete values is called a digital signal. A square wave is a digital signal because this signal has only two values. +5V and OV and no other value.
WHAT IS ANALOG SIGNAL
Analog Signal:
A continuously varying signal (Voltage or Current) is called an analog signal. An alternating voltage varying sinusoidally is an analog signal.
A continuously varying signal (Voltage or Current) is called an analog signal. An alternating voltage varying sinusoidally is an analog signal.
WHAT IS DIGITAL CIRCUIT
Digital Circuit:
An electronic circuit that handles only a digital signal is called a digital circuit.
An electronic circuit that handles only a digital signal is called a digital circuit.
WHAT ARE LOGIC GATES
LOGIC gates:
A digital circuit with one or more input signals but only one output signal is called a logic gate. Logic gate is a switching circuit.
A digital circuit with one or more input signals but only one output signal is called a logic gate. Logic gate is a switching circuit.
WHAT ARE THREE BASIC LOGIC GATES
Three Basic Logic Gates:
A Logic gate is a circuit that has one or more input signals but only one output signal. All logic gates can be analysed by constructing a truth table. A truth table lists all input possibilities and the corresponding output for each input.
The three basic logic gates that make up all digital circuits are
1) OR gate 2) AND gate 3) NOT gate
A Logic gate is a circuit that has one or more input signals but only one output signal. All logic gates can be analysed by constructing a truth table. A truth table lists all input possibilities and the corresponding output for each input.
The three basic logic gates that make up all digital circuits are
1) OR gate 2) AND gate 3) NOT gate
WHAT IS OR GATE
OR gate:
OR gate has two or more inputs but only one output. The output y of an OR gate is low when all the inputs are low. The output y of an OR gate is High if any or all the inputs are High.
OR gate has two or more inputs but only one output. The output y of an OR gate is low when all the inputs are low. The output y of an OR gate is High if any or all the inputs are High.
WHAT IS NOT GATE OR INVERTER
NOT gate:
NOT gate or inverter has only one input and one output, where the output is opposite of the input. The Not gate is also called "inverter" because it inverts the input.
NOT gate or inverter has only one input and one output, where the output is opposite of the input. The Not gate is also called "inverter" because it inverts the input.
WHAT IS AND GATE
AND gate:
AND gate is a logic gate that has two or more inputs but only one output. The output y of AND gate is High when all inputs are high.
The output y of AND gate is low if any or all inputs are low. it is also called "all or nothing gate". Output will be high when both the inputs are high.
AND gate is a logic gate that has two or more inputs but only one output. The output y of AND gate is High when all inputs are high.
The output y of AND gate is low if any or all inputs are low. it is also called "all or nothing gate". Output will be high when both the inputs are high.
NOT GATE FROM NAND GATE
NOT gate from NAND gate:
When two inputs of NAND gate are joined together so that it has one input, the resulting circuit is NOT gate.
NAND Gate is a Universal Gate
NAND gate is a universal gate because its repeated use can produce other logic gates.
WHAT IS NOR GATE
NOR gate:
It is a combination of OR gate and NOT gate. Output of OR gate is connected to the input of a NOT gate.
It is a combination of OR gate and NOT gate. Output of OR gate is connected to the input of a NOT gate.
WHAT IS NAND GATE
NAND gate:
It is a combination of AND gate and NOT gate. Output of AND gate is connected to the input of a NOT gate.
It is a combination of AND gate and NOT gate. Output of AND gate is connected to the input of a NOT gate.
WHAT IS DEMORGAN'S THEOREMS
Demorgan's theorems are used in simplifying expressions which includes a product or sum of variables is inverted
Demorgan's First Theorem:
When the OR sum of two variables is inverted, this is equal to inverting each variable individually and then ANDing these inverted variables.
________ ____ _____
A + B = A . B
Demorgan's Second Theorem:
When the AND product of two variables is inverted, this is equal to inverting each variable individually and the ORing them.
______ ___ ___
(A . B ) = A + B
WHAT IS ENCODER AND DECODER
Encoder
The Circuit that converts decimal form to digital (binary) form is called Encoder
Decoder
The circuit that converts digital form to decimal form is called decoder
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